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Radius of curvature of optical lens
Release time:
2025-03-06
The radius of curvature of an optical lens may not be well understood by some.
The radius of curvature of an optical lens may not be well understood by some. A lens is an object that can magnify and reduce the refraction of light. It is generally used in optical fields such as telescopes, equipment, lasers, and medical fields.
What is the radius of curvature of a lens?
The front and rear surfaces of the lens are curved. The two complete surfaces on the front and back are equivalent to a part of a sphere. Then this sphere must have a radius. This radius is the radius of curvature of the lens, usually divided into the radius of curvature of the front and rear surfaces.
Relationship between lens focal length and radius of curvature
Assuming that the radii of curvature of the front and rear surfaces of the lens are r1 and r2, the central thickness of the lens is d, and the refractive index of the material used for the lens is n, then the object focal length of the front surface is f1=-r1/(n-1), the phase-side focal length is f1'=nr1/(n-1), the object focal length of the back surface is: f2'=nr2/(n-1), the phase focal length is: f2'=-r2/(n-1), then the total focal length is: f'=-f1'*f2'/(d-f1'+f2). The object focal length is equal to the negative focal length.
Introduction to Radius of Curvature
The radius of curvature is mainly used to describe the degree of curvature of a curve at a certain point. A special case is: the curvature of all parts of a circle is the same, so the radius of curvature is the radius of the circle; a straight line is not curved, a straight line at that point. The radius of the tangent circle can be arbitrarily large, so the curvature is 0, so the straight line has no radius of curvature, or the radius of curvature is infinite.
The larger the radius of the circle, the smaller the curvature, and the closer it is to a straight line. Therefore, the larger the radius of curvature, the smaller the curvature, and vice versa.
If a circle with the same curvature can be found at a certain point on the curve, then the radius of curvature of that point on the curve is the radius of that circle (note that it is the radius of curvature of that point, and other points have other radii of curvature).
It can also be understood in this way: the curve is differentiated as much as possible until it is finally approximated to a circular arc, and the radius corresponding to this circular arc is the radius of curvature of the point on the curve.
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